Toward connecting core-collapse supernova theory with observations: I. Shock revival in a 15 Msun blue supergiant progenitor with SN 1987A energetics

摘要

We study the evolution of the collapsing core of a 15 Msun blue supergiantsupernova progenitor from the core bounce until 1.5 seconds later. We present asample of hydrodynamic models parameterized to match the explosion energeticsof SN 1987A. We find the spatial model dimensionality to be an important contributingfactor in the explosion process. Compared to two-dimensional simulations, ourthree-dimensional models require lower neutrino luminosities to produce equallyenergetic explosions. We estimate that the convective engine in our models is4% more efficient in three dimensions than in two dimensions. We propose thatthe greater efficiency of the convective engine found in three-dimensionalsimulations might be due to the larger surface-to-volume ratio of convectiveplumes, which aids in distributing energy deposited by neutrinos. We do not find evidence of the standing accretion shock instability norturbulence being a key factor in powering the explosion in our models. Instead,the analysis of the energy transport in the post-shock region revealscharacteristics of penetrative convection. The explosion energy decreasesdramatically once the resolution is inadequate to capture the morphology ofconvection on large scales. This shows that the role of dimensionality issecondary to correctly accounting for the basic physics of the explosion. We also analyze information provided by particle tracers embedded in theflow, and find that the unbound material has relatively long residency times intwo-dimensional models, while in three dimensions a significant fraction of theexplosion energy is carried by particles with relatively short residency times.